Archive for the ‘ Ireland ’ Category

Marginalised Masculinity in Irish Cinema

Up until the mid-nineties the dominant portrayal of masculinity in Irish cinema was in relation to the family, with a particular theme of inept fathers evident (Into the West (1992), The Butcher Boy (1997), Horse (1993)). The films produced in this time tended to be very critical of Irish masculinity, portraying men as repressed and emotionally detached. Masculinity was aligned with traditional values and institutions such as rural life, agriculture, Catholicism, marriage and hard physical labour. As Ireland moved out of the eighties and into the prosperous nineties under the influence of the Celtic Tiger (Fahey, Hayes and Sinnott 2005), the definition of desirable masculinity in Irish society underwent a metamorphosis. The Church no longer held the country in its sway the way it once did and as globalisation took its toll, marriage, family and community became less important. Prosperity increased and Ireland sought out a more urban identity that would fit with the new, vibrant economy that was emerging.

Traditional hegemonic masculinity was rural, dominated by the Church and privileged marriage, sexual purity and the celibate life.  It has been replaced by a metropolitan business masculinity influenced socially and economically by global culture. (Pease and Pringle 2001 p130)

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Paper review and reflection on media concentration and diversity

Just, Natascha. 2009. Measuring media concentration and diversity: new approaches and instruments in Europe and the US. In Media, Culture & Society. 31, pp97 – 117.

In this 2009 paper Natascha Just explains the various methods in place for measuring media concentration and diversity within Europe and the US. She also discusses the difficulties faced in implementing such regulatory measures. Just goes into some detail on the various systems that are currently in place in a number of different western countries and points out the arguments for and against these systems but she does not provide much guidance on which methods she would prefer to see standardised. I found the article very dense and at times difficult to understand, but I felt that the core of the author’s argument is that a satisfactory system for measuring the amount of control any single company or individual interest has on public opinion does not yet exist.

One of the major problems affecting media regulation is its inherent conflict with free trade laws.  The current climate of increasingly transnational trade, where much emphasis is put on the free global movement of goods and services, poses a threat to media regulation. Powerful organisations like the World Trade Organisation are in place to safeguard a free marketplace, but concepts like media regulation directly conflict with their ethos.  At the other end of this spectrum of global media governance is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), an organization that attempts to justify media regulation. (Puppis, 2008, pp. 406). This ethos conflict comes about because the media is essentially serving two conflicting roles in society: an economic role and a cultural role.  As a commodity, the media is entitled to a competitive market, but the media should also be treated as a tool for the formation of public opinion.

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Gender & Technology: Are Gender attitudes to Technology in Ireland changing?

Irene McGinn

Dundalk Institute of Technology

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in Communications in Creative Multimedia, 2008

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to explore the area of gender attitudes to technology in Irish society.  I have examined the attitudes of males and females over the age of 40 (digital immigrants) and compared these attitudes to the views of males and females under the age of 25 (digital natives).  In my research I have concentrated on 4 primary types of technology: Television, Mobile Phones, Personal Computers and Games Consoles.  I have detailed a brief history of their introduction into society to provide background context for their current usage. This study finds that Women spend more time using technology than Men and cites some probable causes for this.

Keywords: Gender, Technology, Ireland, Digital, Native, Immigrant, Divide

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